Lac is produced mainly in india, bangladesh, thailand, and china. Us5567438a shellac dispersions and coatings, and method of. Morphology, life cycle and economic uses of laccifer lacca nature. The size of the spleen varies from a person to person. Classify the industries on the basis of size and investment. Laccifer or kerria lacca or lac is a parasitic scale bug that feeds on the sap of certain tropical trees and secretes a sticky resin. Icse solutions for class 10 geography industries in. The first scientific account of the lac insect was given by j. It is stated to be thesource of thegumlac, and to occur by the. The monohydric alcohol is present in drying time enhancing effective amounts such that drying times decrease with an increase in alcohol.
There are six genera of lac insects, out of which only five secrete lac, and only one, i. Pullulan is used as the hair fixative agent, and a wetting agent can be added to the hair fixative compositions of the present. Kerridae production from three types of host plants. These four laccaic acids contain a structure of phenolconjugated anthraquinone, and the side chain linked to the phenol part specify each type of laccaic acid. Download pdf download all download jpeg 2000 download text the journal of the bombay natural history society.
Pdf created with fineprint pdffactory pro trial version. Kerriidae is an insect species that attack various plant species and produce lac as a byproduct. Mask and laccifer lacca, kerr on grape fruit in ranchi district, chota nagpur, with a note on the chalcidoid parasites of aspidiotus orientalis, newst. Nr25 raman spectroscopy download free raman database download paper. This secretion when it dries, sticks to the branches and is collected by the forestdwellers. Lac are used for electronics, printing, textile, clothing, cosmetics, and food industry. Luk laccifer lacca is one of the most valuable gifts of nature to man. Lac is the resinous secretion of a number of species of lac insects, of which the most commonly cultivated is kerria lacca. It is also unique material in as much as it is the only resin of animal origin, being actually.
Lac is secreted by laccifer lacca kern that has been widely used as food coating materials. Anything wrong that disrupts the normal functioning of the spleen is a spleen disease. To evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial activity of different extracts along with identification of active constituents present in it. Namun saat ini, shellac mempunyai kegunaan yang lebih luas diantaranya sebagai. Icse solutions for class 10 geography industries in india. Suited for drug targeting in the distal small intestine as soluble at ph 7. The present invention is a combination of a linear polysaccharide such as pullulan and a monohydric alcohol in certain amounts.
Spleen diseases herbal treatment, prevention, symptoms. It is of brown color usually and these insects grow on acacia trees in india and burma. Lac is traditionally used as a dye because of its coloring properties and it is obtained from laccifer lacca kerr. Pigments checker lac dye extracted from the lac insect, laccifer llacca or coccus lacca and then precipitated with aluminium hydroxide. Investment opportunity and strategy in developing laccifer. This secretion appears first as a shining layer which soon gets hardened after coming in contact with air. The production of lac is virtually a monopoly of india and. On the internal anatomy of the male lac insect, laccifer.
Laccifer lacca kerr ll has widely been used as pigmenting. Tamil nadu 11th biology previous year question paper june. Rearing of lac insects for commercial production of the lac is called as lac culture. A film can be formed by applying the shellac dispersion to a suitable surface and. Studies on chromosome number and spermatogenesis in the lac insect laccifer lacca kerr. Its common host tree include banyan, peepal, khadiraacacia catechu, berzizyphus mauritiana and palas butea monospema.
The family kerriidae contains nine genera and approximately 100 species bendov 2002, while the genus kerria. Lac scales are main cash crops and are cultured in burma, india and thailand. Shellac that is produced by the lac insects of the genus kerria is widely used in chemicals, electronics, military, food, and other industries. Lac insect of south east asia is referred to as kerria chinensis. Dengan tersusunnya skripsi ini, penulis mengucapkan teriama kasih dan.
The main constituents are derivatives of anthraquinone, named laccaic acid a, b, c, and e. Cytological studies of the indian lac insect kerria lacca kerr resulted in contrary reports suggesting two quite distinct chromosome systems, the orthodox and the unorthodox. Explain the need for rapid industrialization in india. Of the many species of lac insect, laccifer lacca, tachardia lacca is the commercially cultured lac insect. Thousands of lac insects colonize the branches of the host trees and secrete the resinous pigment.
Lak cabang, waktu, interval dan pengasapan, shellac the branch, time, interval and fogging penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan waktu dan interval pengaspan terhadap kualitas lak cabang l. Us5567438a shellac dispersions and coatings, and method. Natural dyes, extracts, tannins, mordants all the natural dyes, extracts and tannins on one page. Lakh is secretion of an insect laccifer lacca family coccoidea. Shellaca resin purified from the secretion of lac insects, laccifer laccais one of the widely used natural materials in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics industry as a. However, more work has to be done for improving its productivity as well as its quality. Lac is the scarlet resinous secretion of a number of species of lac insects, of which the most commonly cultivated species is kerria lacca and laccifer lacca india. Pdf methods of processing of lac laccifer lacca kerr described. May 16, 2016 shellac is a resin secreted by an insect called the lac bug laccifer lacca kerr coccidae. A contribution to the life history of the lac insect, laccifer tachardia lacca coccidae volume 19 issue 4 pratap singh negi. This involves selection and maintenance of host plants, inoculation of host plants with healthy lac insects, collection and processing of lac and protection against enemies. The commonest and most widely occurring species of lac insect in india is laccifer lacca kerr which produces the bulk of commercial lac. Status of two species of lac insects in the genus kerria from. Awalnya, pemanfaatan shellac hanya sebatas sebagai bahan pelitur, pita kaset dan bahan isolasi.
Current science is a fortnightly journal published since 1932 by the current science association, bangalore india in collaboration with the indian academy of. There has long been controversy in the identification of commercial lac species in china. Pdf discovery of lac insects laccifer lacca opens new. Scale insects present on twigs are heated to extract the resins and then purify. Cytological studies of the indian lac insect kerria lacca kerr resulted in contrary reports suggesting two quite distinct chromosome systems, the orthodox and the unorthodox lecanoid system. Shellac flea laccifer lacca kerr is a phytophagous insect, which lives on kesambi tree schleichera oleosa merr. Publish projects, dissertation, theses, books, souvenir, conference proceeding with isbn. Discovery of lac insects laccifer lacca opens new era of integrated rural. It is tolerably well known that lac is a resinous substance secreted by a scale insect family coccidae known as laccifer lacca kerr. The insects produce compact and thick natural resin and attached to the branch commonly called shellac. Peluang investasi dan strategi pengembangan usaha budidaya. Laccifer lacca minute, resinous, crawling scale insect inserts beak in plant tissues, sucks sap secretes lac.
A secretion of lac scale insect laccifer lacca kerr has been used for extraction of lac color, an orange or a red color. Current science is a fortnightly journal published since 1932 by the current science association, bangalore india in collaboration with the indian academy of sciences. On the internal anatomy of the male lac insect, laccifer lacca kerr homoptera, coccidze awadh behari misra d. Lac insects laccifer lacca kerr live parasitically on kosambi plants, and produce resins that are called lac. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer, from where it. Media in category kerria lacca the following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Download fulltext pdf discovery of lac insects laccifer lacca opens new era of integrated rural development in jammu. We dont get lot of herbs here in the us so please tell me something which i can order them online easily. Lac culture is the scientific management of lac insects to obtain a high amount of quality lac. Discovery of lac insects laccifer lacca opens new era of integrated rural development in jammu. This species is perhaps the most commercially important lac insect, being a main source of lac, a resin which can be refined into shellac and other products.
Status of two species of lac insects in the genus kerria. Laccifer lacca looks like tiny spots on plants having no limbs and covering with slick serum. In the twentieth century, the era of contemporary rearing began when bogdanow from russia in 1908 reared a blowfly, calliphora vomitoria. Pdf discovery of lac insects laccifer lacca opens new era. Gene expression and transmission in kerria lacca kerr heredity. Shellaca resin purified from the secretion of lac insects, laccifer laccais one of the widely used natural materials in.
Kerr in 1782 classification of lac insect phylum arthropoda class insecta order hemiptera family kerriidae genus. Of the many species of lac insect,laccifer lacca, tachardia lacca is the commercially cultured lac insect. The indian lac insect laccifer lacca is important commercially. Tablet coating with its defects tablet pharmacy polymers.
The goal of this research was to evaluate the population quality of lac insect that live on three host plants. A method of forming the aqueousbased shellac dispersion includes dissolving a shellac solution in a basic aqueous solvent to form a shellac solution and subsequently combining the shellac solution with an acidic aqueous solution, whereby the shellac precipitates to form the aqueousbased shellac dispersion. Kerria lacca is a species of insect in the family kerriidae, the lac insects. Lac laccifer lacca is an indian animal origin drug. Lac is the resinous secretion of a number of species of lac insects, of which the most commonly cultivated is kerria lacca cultivation begins when a farmer gets a stick that contains eggs ready to hatch and ties it to the tree to be infested. Shellac material of natural origin purified resinous secretion of the insect laccifer lacca. These are in the superfamily coccoidea, the scale insects. The journal covers all branches of pureapplied science and technology such as physics, chemistry, life sciences, medicine, earth sciences, engineering and technology. The secretion of lac begins immediately after the larval settlement on the new and tender shoots. These insects feed on the saps of host trees, such as kul, sissoo, peepal, palash etc. It is often unclear as to whether the insect is killed in the process of commercially obtaining shellac as the resin is left by the insect on various plants. Rapid industrialization helps to provide employment, enables the masses to raise their standard of living and also necessary from the point of view of defenses.
Aug 15, 2015 lakh is secretion of an insect laccifer lacca family coccoidea. The females are globular in form and live on twigs in cells of resin created by exudations of lac. Cultivation begins when a farmer gets a stick that contains eggs ready to hatch and ties it to the tree to be infested. Sometimes, these insects are difficult to recognize and we can only see resin excreted by them.
I have been looking for some herbal remedy to cure these problems for good. Morphology, life cycle and economic uses of laccifer lacca. Investigations on some of the important host plants of kerria lacca with reference to phloem distance. Analisa pendapatan masyarakat sekitar hutanlak laccifer. Unlimited viewing of the articlechapter pdf and any associated supplements and figures. Lac is a resinous substance secreted by certain glands present in the abdomen of the lac insects. It is found in tropical or subtropical regions on banyan and other plants. To get the best food coatings from lac, the sticklac which processed need to be converted to seedlac and further become shellac. These insects are considered to be of great economic value. A potent anticancer agent from laccifer lacca kerr. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di desa banyu anget kecamatan banyuglugur perum perhutani unit ii jawa timur, kph probolinggo, bkph kabuaran, krph banyu. Analisa pendapatan masyarakat sekitar hutanlak laccifer lacca kerr di kph probolinggo wilayah bkph kabuaran perum perhutani unit ii jawa timur oleh. The moving wall represents the time period between the last issue available in jstor and the most recently published issue of a journal.
During its life cycle, shellac flea secretes liquid known as lak and has many uses, such as varnishpolish, food cover, drug capsule, cassette ribbon, etc. Enhancement of bloody fingerprints on nonporous surfaces. Shellaca resin purified from the secretion of lac insects, laccifer laccais one of the widely used natural materials in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics industry as a coating, glazing, and filmforming agent debeaufort et al. Dec 04, 2019 an insect known by the name of lacciferlacca breeds on the branches of these trees and it ejects a secretion from its mouth. Students can download tamil nadu 11th biology previous year question paper june 2019 english medium pdf, tamil nadu 11th biology model question papers helps you to revise the complete tamilnadu state board new syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Keanekaragaman parasitoid dan predator kutu lak laccifer. Gene expression and transmission in kerria lacca kerr. The spleen swells and gets enlarged when affected by a disease. In rare instances, a publisher has elected to have a zero moving wall, so their current issues are available. The resinlike secretion hardens when exposed to air. This is neha i have been suffering from epilepsy from last 17 years and due to medicines i have lost my hair strength, eye problems and much more. Aug 02, 2015 laccifer or kerria lacca or lac is a parasitic scale bug that feeds on the sap of certain tropical trees and secretes a sticky resin. Information and uses of lac laccifer lacca bimbima. Lac is widely used for making paints, bangles, fireworks, sealing wax, electrical insulation material, spirit laguns etc.
Pdf on jan 1, 20, aisha perveen and others published. Investigations on some of the important host plants of. Evaluasi produktivitas kutu lak, laccifer lacca kerr. A contribution to the life history of the lac insect, laccifer. It is one of the potential commodities in east nusa tenggara timur province. Lac insects are scale insects belonging to the family kerriidae. Now a days, it is widely used in food and coloring industry. The main commercial species of lac insect in india is k. Lac insects in china were firstly named laccifer lacca in the 1950s liu 1957, 1959.
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